Skip to main content
search
A Must Have Book For Every Philosophy Student
CLASSICAL PHILOSOPHYHistory Of Philosophy
November 15, 2023

SKEPTICISM (PYRRHONISM)

Pyrrhonian Skepticism was founded by Pyrrho of Elis (c. 360–275 BC), who argued that knowledge is impossible. The Skeptics proposed various arguments for their conclusions, including Platonic doubts about the…
CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHYHistory Of Philosophy
November 15, 2023

CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

While the focus of western philosophy has primarily been on the analysis and understanding of our most basic concepts, another important theme has been the preparation and education of man…
Philosophy Branches
December 12, 2023

BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY

Philosophy embraces the most ambitious field of inquiry—the universe, including the self and everything both physical and metaphysical. It is impossible to list all the branches of philosophy, which are…
History Of Philosophy
November 15, 2023

THE ELEATIC SCHOOL

Based in the Ionian colony of Elea (modern-day Velia) in southern Italy, and primarily associated with Parmenides (early fifth century BC) and Melissus of Samos (mid fifth century BC), the…
Modern Branches of PhilosophyPhilosophy Branches
November 14, 2023

PHILOSOPHY OF MATHEMATICS

The philosophy of mathematics is traditionally concerned with the ontological and epistemological foundations of mathematics. The two questions, of ontology and epistemology, are intimately related, as a satisfactory account of…
FORMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITINGWriting Philosophy
November 20, 2023

THE ESSAY OF REFUTATION

The essay of refutation takes the position “I disagree.” Its objective is to persuade the reader that the argument of another is false, flawed, unlikely, implausible, or in some other…
Logic
November 15, 2023

INTUITIONISM

One of the most familiar non-classical logics is intuitionism, which, in simple terms, is based upon the rejection of the law of excluded middle: (P ∨ ¬P). There are both…
History Of PhilosophyNON-WESTERN PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITIONS
November 15, 2023

INDIAN PHILOSOPHY

Philosophy on the Indian subcontinent between 1000 BC and the early centuries of the first millennium was comprised of six major schools of Hindu philosophy (Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Samkhya, Yoga, Mimamsa,…
ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHYHistory Of Philosophy
November 15, 2023

ORDINARY LANGUAGE PHILOSOPHY

Between the 1940s and the 1960s, analytic philosophy shifted away from investigating the (supposed) underlying logical structure of language. While it was still primarily concerned with conceptual analysis, this was…
History Of Philosophy
November 15, 2023

THE PRE-SOCRATICS

The origins of Western philosophy are usually attributed to Thales of Miletus (fl. sixth century BC), who taught that “everything was made of water” and thus that the universe, all…
Writing Philosophy
November 24, 2023

WRITING PHILOSOPHY

How Do You Do Philosophy? Writing Is Central To Philosophy What Philosophy Professors Want From Student Writers What Is Good Writing? What Is Good Philosophical Writing? Grading Criteria for Philosophy…
CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHYHistory Of Philosophy
November 15, 2023

THE FRANKFURT SCHOOL

A group of philosophers, cultural critics, and social scientists based around the Frankfurt (Germany) Institute for Social Research were primarily concerned with integrating philosophical analysis with then-recent results in the…
History Of PhilosophyMEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHY
November 15, 2023

SAINT AUGUSTINE

Like his contemporaries, Saint Augustine (354–430) was primarily influenced by Neoplatonism, and, indeed, credited Plotinus with helping him to understand Christian theology.
WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?
November 24, 2023

PHILOSOPHICAL FILMS AND TV SHOWS

Note: Some of these titles may be difficult to find, either in DVD format or streaming. Film Animation Animal Farm (1954)Based on George Orwell’s novel of the same name, farm…
PHILOSOPHICAL BOOKS AND TEXT
November 27, 2023

INTRODUCTORY PHILOSOPHY TEXTS

There is no substitute for grappling primary sources. Nevertheless, secondary sources—including scholarly research, literary reviews, historical summaries—are valuable tools. They not only show you how you can begin thinking about…

Books

  • Being and Nothingness

    $20.15
  • The Manual: A Philosopher’s Guide to Life

    $16.99
  • Illusions : The Adventures of a Reluctant Messiah

    $12.02
  • Discourses and Selected Writings (Penguin Classics)

    $9.99
  • Utilitarianism

    $12.99
  • Reason in Philosophy: Animating Ideas

    $31.00
  • The Theory of Moral Sentiments (Penguin Classics)

    $15.79
  • The Book: On the Taboo Against Knowing Who You Are

    $14.02
  • No-Nonsense Buddhism for Beginners: Clear Answers to Burning Questions about Core Buddhist Teachings

    $11.43
  • Perceiving Purpose

    $18.07
  • Forget Foucault, new edition (Semiotext(e) / Foreign Agents)

    $14.95
  • The Enchiridion: Adapted for the Contemporary Reader

    $29.99
  • Free Agents: How Evolution Gave Us Free Will

    $29.95
  • An Illustrated Book of Bad Arguments: Learn the Lost Art of Making Sense

    $10.99
  • Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius

    $25.00
  • Psyche: Inventions of the Other, Volume I (Meridian: Crossing Aesthetics) (Volume 1)

    $22.52

Terms & Concepts

S

Self-evident

That which is obvious and not subject to doubt. https://youtube.com/shorts/mBt_9jXRDnU?feature=share
C

Change of Quantifier (Quantifier Exchange) Rule

In quantifier logic, one quantified statement can be substituted for another that is logically equivalent to the original. A universally quantified statement is equivalent to an existentially quantified statement (and…
F

Free will

The idea that humans are capable of behaving and acting without external compulsion orconstraint. Free will is often viewed as a necessary condition of moral responsibility (See alsoLiberty.) https://youtube.com/shorts/dI_duF6gSUM?feature=share
M
Mixed quantifiers
C
Cosmogony
E
Ethical absolutism
S
Subject Term
K
KK Thesis
S
Socialism
H
Hasty generalization
O
Obligation
H
Hypothesis
View All