Philosophy Student
By In CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY

THE FRANKFURT SCHOOL

Read Article
Philosophy Student
By In History Of Philosophy

ARISTOTLE

Read Article
Philosophy Student
By In THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD

TRANSCENDENTAL IDEALISM

Read Article
Philosophy Student
By In History Of Philosophy

THE SOPHISTS

Read Article
Philosophy Student
By In History Of Philosophy

POST-KANTIAN PHILOSOPHY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY

Kant’s philosophy continued to dominate throughout the nineteenth century, although there were increasing concerns about the overall coherence of his…
Read More
History Of PhilosophyANALYTIC PHILOSOPHYLOGICAL POSITIVISM
November 15, 2023

LOGICAL POSITIVISM

Originally founded by Auguste Comte (1798–1857), Positivism was primarily a view about science. Influenced by Immanuel Kant’s (1724-1804) assertion that knowledge of things-inthemselves was impossible, Comte argued that our scientific…
Philosophy Student
Love0
Modern Branches of PhilosophyPhilosophy BranchesPHILOSOPHY OF MATHEMATICS
November 14, 2023

PHILOSOPHY OF MATHEMATICS

The philosophy of mathematics is traditionally concerned with the ontological and epistemological foundations of mathematics. The two questions, of ontology and epistemology, are intimately related, as a satisfactory account of…
Philosophy Student
Love0
LogicINTUITIONISM
November 15, 2023

INTUITIONISM

One of the most familiar non-classical logics is intuitionism, which, in simple terms, is based upon the rejection of the law of excluded middle: (P ∨ ¬P). There are both…
Philosophy Student
Love0
Philosophy BranchesTraditional Branches of PhilosophyPOLITICAL PHILOSOPHY
December 12, 2023

POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

Political philosophy is at least as old as Plato (428/227 or 424/423-348/347 BC) and is concerned with the nature of the state and, more broadly, with coercive institutions, and their…
Philosophy Student
Love0
THE EARLY MODERN PERIODHistory Of PhilosophyTHE EARLY MODERN PERIOD
November 15, 2023

THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD

Philosophical thought during the Enlightenment was characterized by a rejection of existing sources of authority. The broadly Aristotelean scientific worldview was undermined by a period of scientific revolution—conventionally beginning with…
Philosophy Student
Love0
History Of PhilosophyTHE SOPHISTS
November 15, 2023

THE SOPHISTS

The Sophists were not a single school but a professional grouping of largely itinerant teachers of rhetoric, philosophy, and legal argumentation. Their importance lies not in any specific doctrines but…
Philosophy Student
Love0
PHILOSOPHICAL BOOKS AND TEXTBOOKS TO GUIDE NOVICE PHILOSOPHY STUDENTS
November 27, 2023

BOOKS TO GUIDE NOVICE PHILOSOPHY STUDENTS

This list is aimed at curating those texts that will both challenge a novice researcher, and continually reward repeated encounters as you develop your philosophical interests.
Philosophy Student
Love0
LogicPROPOSITIONAL CALCULUS (PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC)
November 15, 2023

PROPOSITIONAL CALCULUS (PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC)

The simplest formal (logical) language is the propositional calculus. This considers the logical relationships that hold between complete propositions.
Philosophy Student
Love0
Modern Branches of PhilosophyPhilosophy BranchesPHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE
November 14, 2023

PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE

The study of natural languages is conventionally divided among questions of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics, all of which raise significant issues for the philosophy of language. In terms of syntax…
Philosophy Student
Love0
Writing PhilosophyGOOD PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING
November 23, 2023

GOOD PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING

BASICS OF GOOD PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING: A DEEPER DIVE Having surveyed the elements of good writing from 30,000 feet, let’s swoop in on some of the most important specifics. This means…
Philosophy Student
Love0
WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?WHAT IS THE “SUBJECT MATTER” OF PHILOSOPHY
November 12, 2023

WHAT IS THE “SUBJECT MATTER” OF PHILOSOPHY

“There is a common misunderstanding that philosophy—like chemistry or history—has a content to offer, a content that a teacher is to teach and a student is to learn,” writes Professor…
Philosophy Student
Love0
FORMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITINGWriting PhilosophyTHE POSITION PAPER
November 19, 2023

THE POSITION PAPER

A position paper may be viewed as a type of argumentative paper in that it states a claim—your position—concerning a topic, issue, or question and presents a justification for that…
Philosophy Student
Love0
POST-KANTIAN PHILOSOPHYHistory Of PhilosophyUTILITARIANISM
November 15, 2023

UTILITARIANISM

The French Revolution sparked legal and political reforms across Europe, which brought with them their accompanying philosophical frameworks.
Philosophy Student
Love0
STRATEGIC WRITING CHOICESWriting PhilosophySTRATEGIC WRITING CHOICES FOR PHILOSOPHY CLASS
November 18, 2023

STRATEGIC WRITING CHOICES FOR PHILOSOPHY CLASS

Writing philosophy should not be easy, but you cannot allow it to become impossible. Here are five strategic rules of thumb for embarking on a successful writing project for philosophy…
Philosophy Student
Love0
NON-WESTERN PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITIONSNON-WESTERN PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITIONS
November 15, 2023

NON-WESTERN PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITIONS

As explained at the beginning of this chapter, this book is intended primarily for philosophy students, especially new philosophy students, whose focus is mainly or even exclusively on Western philosophical…
Philosophy Student
Love1
Philosophy Student
By In History Of Philosophy

THE SOPHISTS

The Sophists were not a single school but a professional grouping of largely itinerant teachers of rhetoric, philosophy, and legal…
Read More

Logic

Books

  • Buy product

    Noli me tangere: On the Raising of the Body (Perspectives in Continental Philosophy)

    $29.05
  • Buy product

    The Republic (Penguin Classics)

    $9.60
  • Buy product

    Stoic Pragmatism (American Philosophy)

    $25.00
  • Buy product

    Think Like Socrates: Unlock the Power of Socratic Questioning to Improve Your Critical Thinking and Persuasion Skills.

    $12.99
  • Buy product

    Discipline Is Destiny: The Power of Self-Control (The Stoic Virtues Series)

    $16.28
  • Buy product

    Truth, Politics, Morality: Pragmatism and Deliberation

    $62.94
  • Buy product

    El extranjero / The Stranger (Spanish Edition)

    $16.95
  • Buy product

    Fifty Eastern Thinkers (Routledge Key Guides)

    $32.95
  • Buy product

    Only the Lover Sings: Art and Contemplation

    $11.95
  • Buy product

    Theory and Reality: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science, Second Edition

    $29.70
  • Buy product

    Humanly Possible

    $56.59
  • Buy product

    Of Grammatology

    $39.00
  • Buy product

    What the Buddha Taught

    $104.99
  • Buy product

    365 Days of Journaling for Deep Shadow Work: A Beginner’s Workbook With Questions & Prompts for Inner Child Healing

    $19.99
  • Buy product

    The Philosophy Book: Big Ideas Simply Explained (DK Big Ideas)

    $11.49
  • Buy product

    A Degree in a Book: Philosophy: Everything You Need to Know to Master the Subject – in One Book! (A Degree in a Book, 2)

    $24.99

The Atomos Blog

Philosophy of Law: An Introduction

Philosophy of Law: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos Editor
Read More
Philosophy of Law: An IntroductionAtomos

Philosophy of Law: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos EditorJanuary 10, 2026
Philosophy of Science: An IntroductionAtomos

Philosophy of Science: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos EditorJanuary 10, 2026
Aesthetics: An IntroductionAtomos

Aesthetics: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos EditorJanuary 10, 2026
Epistemology: An IntroductionAtomos

Epistemology: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos EditorJanuary 10, 2026
Ethics: An IntroductionAtomos

Ethics: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos EditorJanuary 10, 2026
Logic: An IntroductionAtomos

Logic: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos EditorJanuary 10, 2026
Metaphysics: An IntroductionAtomos

Metaphysics: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos EditorJanuary 10, 2026
Philosophy of History: An IntroductionAtomos

Philosophy of History: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos EditorJanuary 10, 2026
Philosophy of Language: An IntroductionAtomos

Philosophy of Language: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos EditorJanuary 10, 2026
Philosophy of Mind: An IntroductionAtomos

Philosophy of Mind: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos EditorJanuary 10, 2026
Philosophy of Technology: An IntroductionAtomos

Philosophy of Technology: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos EditorJanuary 10, 2026
Political and Social Philosophy: An IntroductionAtomos

Political and Social Philosophy: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos EditorJanuary 10, 2026
Environmental Philosophy: An IntroductionAtomos

Environmental Philosophy: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos EditorJanuary 10, 2026
Existentialism and Phenomenology: An IntroductionAtomos

Existentialism and Phenomenology: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos EditorJanuary 10, 2026
Feminist Philosophy: An IntroductionAtomos

Feminist Philosophy: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos EditorJanuary 10, 2026
Philosophy of Mind: An Introduction

Philosophy of Mind: An Introduction

Atomos EditorAtomos Editor
Read More

Terms & Concepts

F

First-order consequence

A statement that follows from premises exclusively by way of truth-functional connectivedefinitions, identity, and quantifiers. https://youtube.com/shorts/hlX88ZKexlg?feature=share
I

Intension

The meaning of an expression, as opposed to its extension (the set of things to which itapplies). The intension of a declarative sentence is usually taken to be a proposition.Expressions…
B

Bad faith

The refusal to accept responsibility for one’s freedom and, therefore, also for one’s choices. The term comes from the twentieth-century existentialist Jean-Paul Sartre. https://youtube.com/shorts/U0965UIQpjU?feature=share
N
Natural law theory
I
Internal meaning
R
Relations of ideas
T
Third Man argument
F
False dilemma
T
Thing-in-Itself
V
Verisimilitude
N
Negation elimination
S
Samsara
View All