THE ARGUMENTATIVE PAPER
Essays of assertion, affirmation, and refutation are all examples of the argumentative paper. An effective argument relies on factually true premises or premises for which you have strong support.
BASIC LOGICAL SYMBOLS
¬ one-place logical connective read as “not” or as “is not the case” ~ alternative notation for “not” & two-place…
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UTILITARIANISM
UTILITARIANISM
The French Revolution sparked legal and political reforms across Europe, which brought with them their accompanying philosophical frameworks.
PYTHAGOREANISM
PYTHAGOREANISM
Based on the teachings of Pythagoras (c. 570–495 BC) and the school he established inCroton in southern Italy, we may conclude that, in many ways, Pythagoreanism was more ofa mystery…
METAPHYSICS
METAPHYSICS
Metaphysics is the philosophical investigation of reality, including the nature of the world and the entities it contains. While such an investigation inevitably overlaps with natural philosophy—the sciences, especially physics…
ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
The analytic tradition arose partly as a rejection of Hegelian idealism in favor of what George Edward Moore (1873–1958) called a “common sense” view of the world, alongside developments in…
MANY-VALUE LOGICS
MANY-VALUE LOGICS
In the classical logics already discussed, the logical connectives are taken to be bivalent—that is, they allow of only two different truth values: true and false. One natural extension to…
WHAT IS GOOD PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING?
WHAT IS GOOD PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING?
Writing effectively for a philosophy course does not merely start with the general principles of good writing just outlined, it sets out to show mastery of these principles. It embodies…
ATOMISM
ATOMISM
Atomism was founded by Leucippus (who flourished around 440 BC) but was primarily elaborated by Democritus (c. 460-370 BC) as a way of reconciling the Eleatic doctrine of the impossibility…
ESSENTIAL READING IN THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY
ESSENTIAL READING IN THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY
A comprehensive list of essential readings in the history of philosophy.
PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Many of the topics within the philosophy of science overlap with topics in metaphysics, epistemology, and the philosophy of language insofar as they apply within our scientific practice. Metaphysical issues,…
PRAGMATISM
PRAGMATISM
Pragmatism was a philosophical movement in the United States concerned with the relationship between abstract theory and practical activity, and with the value of philosophical reflection.
GUIDES TO PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING
GUIDES TO PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING
As with developing any skill, learning to write philosophically takes practice. Here are some links to academic sites, along with several style guides, to aid you.
QUANTUM LOGIC
QUANTUM LOGIC
Most non-classical logics are motivated by either philosophical considerations, such as the metaphysical status of the future, or technical concerns about the neutrality of the logical connectives or the notion…
CYNICISM
CYNICISM
Founded by Antisthenes (c. 445–360 BC), who taught the importance of individual virtue over material luxury, Cynicism was contemptuous of political institutions and organized religion. It rejected refined philosophical speculation…
WHAT PHILOSOPHY PROFESSORS WANT FROM STUDENT WRITERS
WHAT PHILOSOPHY PROFESSORS WANT FROM STUDENT WRITERS
Some 2,300 years ago, Aristotle introduced the syllogism into the intellectual world. A threeelement formula, it is the elementary building block of syllogistic logic and deductive reasoning. The syllogism combines…
PHENOMENOLOGY
As originally developed by Edmund Husserl (1859–1938), phenomenology seeks to provide a detailed description of the way in which things…
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Discipline Is Destiny: The Power of Self-Control (The Stoic Virtues Series)
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Stillness Is the Key
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Right Thing, Right Now: Justice in an Unjust World (The Stoic Virtues Series)
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How to Think Like a Roman Emperor: The Stoic Philosophy of Marcus Aurelius
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Letters from a Stoic: Penguin Classics
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Books
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How States Think: The Rationality of Foreign Policy
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God Is Not Great: How Religion Poisons Everything
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Thoreau’s Walden
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Song of Circe & On the Composition of Images: Two Books of the Art of Memory (Collected Works of Giordano Bruno)
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Tao Te Ching: The Essential Translation of the Ancient Chinese Book of the Tao (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
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The Stoic’s Guide to Emotional Mastery: Learn How to Stay Calm and Disciplined (Emotional Resilience)
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The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
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Resounding Events: Adventures of an Academic from the Working Class
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An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation
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The Analytic Tradition in Philosophy, Volume 1: The Founding Giants
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The Temptation to Exist
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On Fear
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Kant’s Rational Religion and the Radical Enlightenment: From Spinoza to Contemporary Debates (Bloomsbury Studies in Modern German Philosophy)
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The Pocket Stoic
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The World as I See It (Deluxe Hardcover Book)
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Fear and Trembling
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The Atomos Blog
How do you get from a singularity to infinity?
How do you get from a singularity to infinity?
How do you get from a singularity to infinity?
How do you get from a singularity to infinity?
When the Light of a Dead Star Touches Your Eye
When the Light of a Dead Star Touches Your Eye
The Threshold
The Threshold
Can Math Prove Its Own Sanity? — A Deep Dive into Artemov’s Landmark Paper
Can Math Prove Its Own Sanity? — A Deep Dive into Artemov’s Landmark Paper
What Does the Mind Really Mean?
What Does the Mind Really Mean?
The Symphony of Existence: Strings, Dimensions, and the Persistence of Identity
The Symphony of Existence: Strings, Dimensions, and the Persistence of Identity
Does It Feel Like Anything To Be Claude?
Does It Feel Like Anything To Be Claude?
Natural Function and Perceptual Content
Natural Function and Perceptual Content
Philosophy of Law: An Introduction
Philosophy of Law: An Introduction
Philosophy of Science: An Introduction
Philosophy of Science: An Introduction
Aesthetics: An Introduction
Aesthetics: An Introduction
Epistemology: An Introduction
Epistemology: An Introduction
Ethics: An Introduction
Ethics: An Introduction
Logic: An Introduction
Logic: An Introduction
Metaphysics: An Introduction
Metaphysics: An Introduction
Philosophy of Science: An Introduction
Philosophy of Science: An Introduction
Terms & Concepts
Absolute space
The view that space exists independently of (that is, not relative to) objects and events said to be in them. (See also Absolute time.) https://youtube.com/shorts/gKx_4OH4EwY?feature=share
Cosmogony
The study of the origins of the universe. https://youtube.com/shorts/HDGclC8SySw?feature=share
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