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A Must Have Book For Every Philosophy Student
History Of Philosophy
November 15, 2023

THE SOPHISTS

The Sophists were not a single school but a professional grouping of largely itinerant teachers of rhetoric, philosophy, and legal argumentation. Their importance lies not in any specific doctrines but…
Philosophy BranchesTraditional Branches of Philosophy
December 12, 2023

ETHICS

Ethics is the study of morality and can be divided into three main areas of inquiry. Descriptive ethics concerns the actual moral beliefs held by specific individuals or societies and…
FORMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITINGWriting Philosophy
November 19, 2023

THE ARGUMENTATIVE PAPER

Essays of assertion, affirmation, and refutation are all examples of the argumentative paper. An effective argument relies on factually true premises or premises for which you have strong support.
Writing Philosophy
November 22, 2023

THE PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING PROCESS

Writing is work, and for many of us, writing is hard work. Writing philosophy adds to this labor an element of intimidation. Whether you are writing an expository—explanatory and descriptive—essay…
Philosophy BranchesTraditional Branches of Philosophy
December 12, 2023

POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

Political philosophy is at least as old as Plato (428/227 or 424/423-348/347 BC) and is concerned with the nature of the state and, more broadly, with coercive institutions, and their…
CLASSICAL PHILOSOPHYHistory Of Philosophy
November 15, 2023

STOICISM

Founded by Zeno of Citium (334–262 BC), early Stoicism shared many similarities with Epicureanism, including the belief that the world was largely deterministic and that the overall goal of the…
Logic
November 15, 2023

NON-CLASSICAL LOGIC

While both the predicate calculus and the modal propositional calculus may be seen as extensions of the basic propositional calculus, there are also a variety of formal languages intended as…
Philosophy BranchesTraditional Branches of Philosophy
December 12, 2023

NATURAL PHILOSOPHY

An important historical branch designation rather than a current one, natural philosophy was the study of nature and the physical universe by philosophical (that is, largely empirical reason-based) methods.
Writing Philosophy
November 24, 2023

HOW DO YOU DO PHILOSOPHY?

How do you do philosophy? Unlike many of the questions asked in the name of philosophy, this one has a straightforward answer. You do philosophy primarily through writing. Now, if…
FORMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITINGWriting Philosophy
November 20, 2023

FORMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING

The word essay comes from the French infinitive verb essayer, meaning “to try” or “to attempt.” In fact, when the word was first borrowed into the English language, as essay,…
Philosophy Branches
December 12, 2023

BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY

Philosophy embraces the most ambitious field of inquiry—the universe, including the self and everything both physical and metaphysical. It is impossible to list all the branches of philosophy, which are…
History Of Philosophy
November 15, 2023

THE ELEATIC SCHOOL

Based in the Ionian colony of Elea (modern-day Velia) in southern Italy, and primarily associated with Parmenides (early fifth century BC) and Melissus of Samos (mid fifth century BC), the…
PHILOSOPHICAL BOOKS AND TEXT
November 23, 2023

PHILOSOPHICAL BOOKS AND TEXT

ESSENTIAL READING IN THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY BOOKS TO GUIDE NOVICE PHILOSOPHY STUDENTS INTRODUCTORY PHILOSOPHY TEXTS GUIDES TO PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING INTRODUCTORY LOGIC TEXTS CRITICAL THINKING AND LOGIC TEXTBOOKS
Logic
November 15, 2023

MODAL LOGIC

A common extension to the standard formal languages outlined above is to introduce the technical machinery required to evaluate natural language arguments containing modal terminology (that is, talk of possibility…
PHILOSOPHICAL BOOKS AND TEXT
November 27, 2023

GUIDES TO PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING

As with developing any skill, learning to write philosophically takes practice. Here are some links to academic sites, along with several style guides, to aid you.

Books

  • Meditations

    $3.28
  • How to Know a Person: The Art of Seeing Others Deeply and Being Deeply Seen (Random House Large Print)

    $32.00
  • Caliphate and Imamate (Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought)

    $34.99
  • I’ve Been Thinking

    $28.01
  • La disciplina marcará tu destino / Discipline Is Destiny: The Power of Self-Cont rol (LAS CUATRO VIRTUDES ESTOICAS) (Spanish Edition)

    $21.95
  • How States Think: The Rationality of Foreign Policy

    $24.99
  • In Praise of Shadows

    $10.08
  • Relax More, Try Less: The Easy Path to Abundance

    $14.95
  • UNDERSTANDING PHILOSOPHY: The Smart Student’s Guide to Reading and Writing Philosophy (Philosophy Study Guides)

    $9.95
  • Filosofia Para Principiantes/philosophy for Beginners (Spanish Edition)

    $27.00
  • The Tao of Leadership: Lao Tzu’s Tao Te Ching Adapted for a New Age

    $25.82
  • I Ching, the Oracle: A Practical Guide to the Book of Changes: An updated translation annotated with cultural & historical references, restoring the I Ching to its shamanic origins

    $30.99
  • The Art of Logic in an Illogical World

    $14.29
  • Meditations

    $3.28
  • A History of Philosophy, Volume 3: Late Medieval and Renaissance Philosophy: Ockham, Francis Bacon, and the Beginning of the Modern World

    $15.41
  • On Free Choice of the Will (Hackett Classics)

    $34.00

Terms & Concepts

I

Impartiality

A standpoint from which everyone is viewed equally, from a perspective without a vested interest. https://youtube.com/shorts/dqDgxKzI-U4?feature=share
A

Arity

In formal logic, the number of arguments (see Argument) a predicate takes. https://youtube.com/shorts/yFjoEFUMImY?feature=share
N

Negation elimination

In symbolic logic, a valid inference in a system of truth-functional rules. This rule relies on the truth definition of the negation, where a doubly negated statement (¬¬P) is truth…
M
Moral calculus
F
Fallacy
R
Retributive justice
P
Prima facie
D
Disjunction introduction
D
Domain of discourse
E
Existential introduction
D
Deontology
S
Square of opposition
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