WRITING IS CENTRAL TO PHILOSOPHY
For the great majority of us, writing is instrumental to thinking. Since it is reasonable to describe philosophy as the application of disciplined thought to a variety of topics, issues,…
POST-KANTIAN PHILOSOPHY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY
Kant’s philosophy continued to dominate throughout the nineteenth century, although there were increasing concerns about the overall coherence of his…
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PHILOSOPHICAL FILMS AND TV SHOWS
PHILOSOPHICAL FILMS AND TV SHOWS
Note: Some of these titles may be difficult to find, either in DVD format or streaming. Film Animation Animal Farm (1954)Based on George Orwell’s novel of the same name, farm…
THE ESSAY OF AFFIRMATION
THE ESSAY OF AFFIRMATION
The essay of affirmation takes the position I agree. If you want to write an essay agreeing with—affirming—the ideas of another, such as a philosopher, a simple statement of agreement…
PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Many of the topics within the philosophy of science overlap with topics in metaphysics, epistemology, and the philosophy of language insofar as they apply within our scientific practice. Metaphysical issues,…
BOOKS TO GUIDE NOVICE PHILOSOPHY STUDENTS
BOOKS TO GUIDE NOVICE PHILOSOPHY STUDENTS
This list is aimed at curating those texts that will both challenge a novice researcher, and continually reward repeated encounters as you develop your philosophical interests.
RELEVANCE LOGICS
RELEVANCE LOGICS
A relevance logic is motivated by the idea that the premises of a valid argument must be somehow “relevant” to its conclusion. The idea is motivated by the fact that…
PHILOSOPHIES OF EAST ASIA
PHILOSOPHIES OF EAST ASIA
The dominant philosophical traditions in this part of the world began in Ancient China from the sixth century to 221 BC, which saw the development of China’s great philosophical movements…
WHAT IS GOOD PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING?
WHAT IS GOOD PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING?
Writing effectively for a philosophy course does not merely start with the general principles of good writing just outlined, it sets out to show mastery of these principles. It embodies…
SCHOLASTICISM
SCHOLASTICISM
A general term for those philosophers influenced by the medieval rediscovery of classic texts, Scholasticism is broadly characterized by an interest in logic and disputation and is motivated to resolve…
THOMISM
THOMISM
A school of thought based on the work of Saint Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274), Thomism is, like Scholasticism, principally concerned with metaphysics and understanding the attributes of God.
THE PRE-SOCRATICS
THE PRE-SOCRATICS
The origins of Western philosophy are usually attributed to Thales of Miletus (fl. sixth century BC), who taught that “everything was made of water” and thus that the universe, all…
STRATEGIC WRITING CHOICES FOR PHILOSOPHY CLASS
STRATEGIC WRITING CHOICES FOR PHILOSOPHY CLASS
Writing philosophy should not be easy, but you cannot allow it to become impossible. Here are five strategic rules of thumb for embarking on a successful writing project for philosophy…
BASIC LOGICAL SYMBOLS
BASIC LOGICAL SYMBOLS
¬ one-place logical connective read as “not” or as “is not the case” ~ alternative notation for “not” & two-place logical connective read as “and” ˄ and
CYNICISM
CYNICISM
Founded by Antisthenes (c. 445–360 BC), who taught the importance of individual virtue over material luxury, Cynicism was contemptuous of political institutions and organized religion. It rejected refined philosophical speculation…
SAINT AUGUSTINE
SAINT AUGUSTINE
Like his contemporaries, Saint Augustine (354–430) was primarily influenced by Neoplatonism, and, indeed, credited Plotinus with helping him to understand Christian theology.
MIDDLE EASTERN TRADITIONS
As the Middle East is often called the cradle of civilization, it is also the source of some of the…
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Discipline Is Destiny: The Power of Self-Control (The Stoic Virtues Series)
$15.99
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Stillness Is the Key
$7.99
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Right Thing, Right Now: Justice in an Unjust World (The Stoic Virtues Series)
$28.00
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How to Think Like a Roman Emperor: The Stoic Philosophy of Marcus Aurelius
$13.12
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Letters from a Stoic: Penguin Classics
$14.52
Books
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Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason
$13.89 -
Frege: Aufsätze zur Logik und Sprachphilosophie (Klassiker Auslegen) (German Edition)
$28.99 -
STATUS ANXIETY
$18.67 -
Foucault: A Very Short Introduction (Very Short Introductions)
$11.85 -
Man and His Becoming According to the Vedanta (Collected Works of Rene Guenon) by Rene Guenon (2001-09-01)
$123.99 -
The Secret of the Yoga Sutra: Samadhi Pada
$24.95 -
General Problem Theory: A Framework For Problem Solving In The Unknown (Pinnacle Quest)
$9.95 -
The Republic
$14.99 -
The History of Sexuality: The Use of Pleasure v. 2
$71.84 -
Henry at Work: Thoreau on Making a Living
$19.99 -
A Drummers Ethos
$24.95 -
Letters from a Stoic: Complete (Letters 1 – 124) Adapted for the Contemporary Reader
$39.99 -
Anaximander: And the Birth of Science
$11.50 -
The Stoic Challenge: A Philosopher’s Guide to Becoming Tougher, Calmer, and More Resilient
$12.99 -
Plasticity: The Promise of Explosion
$29.95 -
Achieving Our Country : Leftist Thought in Twentieth-Century America
$22.00
Reexamining Spacetime Substantivalism: A Critique of Modal Arbitrariness and Determinism in Teitel’s Framework
Reexamining Spacetime Substantivalism: A Critique of Modal Arbitrariness and Determinism in Teitel’s Framework
Reexamining Spacetime Substantivalism: A Critique of Modal Arbitrariness and Determinism in Teitel’s Framework
Reexamining Spacetime Substantivalism: A Critique of Modal Arbitrariness and Determinism in Teitel’s Framework
Rule-Following and Artificial Intelligence: A Kripkean Perspective
Rule-Following and Artificial Intelligence: A Kripkean Perspective
The Eternal Coexistence of Consciousness and Spacetime: A Philosophical Inquiry
The Eternal Coexistence of Consciousness and Spacetime: A Philosophical Inquiry
Embracing Contradiction: An In-Depth Analysis of Dialetheism
Embracing Contradiction: An In-Depth Analysis of Dialetheism
Analysis of, and Responses to Edmund Gettier’s “Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?”
Analysis of, and Responses to Edmund Gettier’s “Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?”
The Unstable Foundation: A Critique of the Ontological Proof of God’s Existence
The Unstable Foundation: A Critique of the Ontological Proof of God’s Existence
Meta-Modal Actuality: A Dynamic Framework for Possibility, Actualization, and Causality
Meta-Modal Actuality: A Dynamic Framework for Possibility, Actualization, and Causality
Killing, Morality, and the Human Condition: A Philosophical Investigation
Killing, Morality, and the Human Condition: A Philosophical Investigation
The Intricacy of Existence: A Philosophical Exploration of Complexity, Contingency, and Divine Agency
The Intricacy of Existence: A Philosophical Exploration of Complexity, Contingency, and Divine Agency
The Ethics of Procreation and the Rational Acceptance of Life: A Critical Engagement with Weinberg’s Argument
The Ethics of Procreation and the Rational Acceptance of Life: A Critical Engagement with Weinberg’s Argument
Imagination, Consciousness, and the Nature of the Soul: A Philosophical Inquiry
Imagination, Consciousness, and the Nature of the Soul: A Philosophical Inquiry
The Interplay of Karma, Rebirth, and Non-Self in Buddhist Philosophy: A Metaphysical Inquiry
The Interplay of Karma, Rebirth, and Non-Self in Buddhist Philosophy: A Metaphysical Inquiry
Metaphysical Perspectives: A Comparative Analysis of Theism and Atheism
Metaphysical Perspectives: A Comparative Analysis of Theism and Atheism
The Infinite Universe, Death, and the Search for Meaning: A Philosophical Exploration of Existence, the Divine, and Human Mortality
The Infinite Universe, Death, and the Search for Meaning: A Philosophical Exploration of Existence, the Divine, and Human Mortality
The Unconscious Artistry of Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Reflection on Spinoza’s God and the Blind Watchmaker
The Unconscious Artistry of Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Reflection on Spinoza’s God and the Blind Watchmaker
The Ethics of Procreation and the Rational Acceptance of Life: A Critical Engagement with Weinberg’s Argument
The Ethics of Procreation and the Rational Acceptance of Life: A Critical Engagement with Weinberg’s Argument
-
Discipline Is Destiny: The Power of Self-Control (The Stoic Virtues Series)
$15.99
-
Stillness Is the Key
$7.99
-
Right Thing, Right Now: Justice in an Unjust World (The Stoic Virtues Series)
$28.00
-
How to Think Like a Roman Emperor: The Stoic Philosophy of Marcus Aurelius
$13.12
-
Letters from a Stoic: Penguin Classics
$14.52
- Atomos
- AESTHETICS
- Aesthetic Experience
- Disinterestedness
- Emotion and Imagination
- Artistic Value and Judgment
- Aesthetic Standards
- Criticism and Evaluation
- Interpretation and Meaning
- Intentionalism vs Anti Intentionalism
- Interpretation In Literature Music Visual Art
- Philosophy of Art
- Artistic Creation
- Nature of Art
- ENVIRONMENTAL PHILOSOPHY
- Animal Ethics
- Anthropocentrism vs Ecocentrism
- Climate Ethics
- Deep Ecology
- EPISTEMOLOGY
- Belief, Truth and Evidence
- Evidentialism vs Reliabilism
- Theories of Truth Correspondence Coherence Pragmatic
- Justification and Skepticism
- Foundationalism vs Coherentism
- Global and Local Skepticism
- Internalism vs Externalism
- Nature and Limits Of Knowledge
- A Priori vs a Posteriori Knowledge
- Knowledge vs True Belief
- Rationalism vs Empiricism
- Social Epistemology
- Epistemic Injustice
- Group Epistemology
- Testimony
- Virtue Epistemology
- ETHICS
- Applied Ethics
- Bioethics
- Business and Professional Ethics
- Environmental Ethics
- Technology and Ai Ethics
- Meta Ethics
- Cognitivism vs Non-cognitivism
- Moral Realism vs Anti Realism
- Naturalism vs Non-naturalism
- Moral Phsycology
- Moral Development
- Moral Emotions
- Moral Motivation
- Normative Ethics
- Consequentialism
- Deontology
- Virtue Ethics
- EXISTENTIALISM AND PHENOMENOLOGY
- Conscious Experience
- Embodied Consciousness
- Intentionality
- Human Freedom and Authenticity
- Responsibility and Choice
- Meaning and Absurdity
- Existential Angst
- Nihilism
- FEMINIST PHILOSOPHY
- Critique of Traditional Frameworks
- Patriarchy and canon Critique
- Feminist Epistemology and Ethics
- Gender and Identity
- Queer Theory
- Social Construction
- Intersectionality
- Race Class and Gender Intersections
- GLOBAL AND COMPARATIVE PHILOSOPHY
- African Philosophy
- Communalism
- Decolonial Thought
- Sage Philosophy
- Ubuntu
- Eastern Philosophy
- Chinese Philosophy Confucianism Daoism
- Indian Philosophy Vedanta Buddhism Jainism
- Japanese Philosophy Zen Kyoto School
- Indigenous Philosophy
- Epistemologies and Ritual
- Land and oral Tradition
- Native American Worldviews
- Latin American Philosophy
- Coloniality and Resistance
- Liberation Philosophy
- Mestizo Thought
- HISTORICAL PERIODS OF PHILOSOPHY
- Ancient Philosophy
- Classical Greek Plato Aristotle
- Hellenistic and Roman
- Pre Socratic
- Medieval Philosophy
- Christian Islamic Jewish Traditions
- Modern Philosophy
- Empiricists Locke Berkeley Hume
- Kant and Critique
- Rationalists Descartes Spinoza Leibniz
- Nineteenth Century Philosophy
- Hegelianism
- Marxism
- Nietzsche
- Twentieth and Twenty First Century Philosophy
- Analytic Philosophy
- Continental Philosophy
- Postmodernism
- LOGIC
- Formal Logic
- Modal Logic
- Predicate Logic
- Propositional Logic
- Informal Logic
- Argumentation
- Fallacies
- Philosophy of Logic
- Logic and Language
- Logical Pluralism
- Nature of Logical Truth
- Symbolic Logic
- Model Theory
- Proof Theory
- METAPHYSICS
- Cosmology
- Origin and Structure of The Universe
- Space and TIme
- Free Will And Determination
- Agency and Responsibility
- Compatibilism vs Incompatibilism
- Identity and Change
- Persistence Through Time
- Personal Identity
- Modality
- Counterfactuals
- Possibility and Necessity
- Ontology
- Categories and Universals
- Nature of Being
- Substance and Essence
- PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION
- Critical Thinking and Moral- Development
- Democratic Education
- Pedagogical Ethics
- Purpose of Education
- PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY
- Historical Explanation
- Narrative and Causation
- Nature of Historical Knowledge
- Objectivity and Interpretation
- Teleology and Progress
- PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE
- Linguistic Philosophy
- Language and Reality
- Ordinary Language Philosophy
- Meaning and Reference
- Sense and Reference Frege Russell
- Theories of Reference
- Semantics and Pragmatics
- Context and Meaning
- Indexicals and Anaphora
- Speech Acts
- Illocutionary and Perlocutionary Acts
- PHILOSOPHY OF LAW
- Critical Legal Theory
- Critical Race Theory
- Feminist Legal Theory
- Law and Morality
- Civil Disobedience
- Unjust Laws
- Legal Reasoning
- Judicial Discretion
- Precedent and Interpretation
- Nature and Sources of Law
- Legal Positivism
- Legal Realism
- Natural Law Theory
- Rights and Justice
- Legal Rights Vs Moral Rights
- Theories Of Punishment
- PHILOSOPHY OF MIND
- Artificial Intelligence and Cognition
- Ai and Machine Consciousness
- Computational Theory of Mind
- Consciousness
- Access Consciousness
- Phenomenal Consciousness
- Mental Representation
- Content and Computation
- Intentionality Conscious Experience
- Mind Body Problem
- Dualism vs Physicalism
- Functionalism
- Personal Identity
- Embodied Identity
- Psychological Continuity
- PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
- Philosophy of Specific Sciences
- Philosophy of Biology
- Philosophy of Mathematics
- Philosophy of Physics
- Philosophy of Social Sciences
- Realism vs Anti-Realism
- Instrumentalism
- Scientific Realism
- Scientific Method and Explanation
- Induction and Falsifiability
- Models and Theories
- PHILOSOPHY OF TECHNOLOGY
- Ai Surveillance and Transhumanism
- Data Ethics
- Human Enhancement
- Ethics of Innovation
- Risk and Responsibility
- Human Technology Relationship
- Embodiment and Extension
- POLITICAL AND SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY
- Liberty and Authority
- Autonomy
- Political Obligation
- Political Ideologies
- Anarchism
- Conservatism
- Liberalism
- Marxism Nineteenth Century Philosophy
- Rights and Citizenship
- Civic Identity
- Human Rights
- Immigration and Nationalism
- Theories of Justice
- Distributive and Retributive Justice
- Rawlsian Theory
Terms & Concepts
Authority
That which, typically by right, controls. https://youtube.com/shorts/_eAYLtnb4Nc?feature=share
Negation elimination
In symbolic logic, a valid inference in a system of truth-functional rules. This rule relies on the truth definition of the negation, where a doubly negated statement (¬¬P) is truth…
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