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A Must Have Book For Every Philosophy Student
Logic
November 15, 2023

PROPOSITIONAL CALCULUS (PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC)

The simplest formal (logical) language is the propositional calculus. This considers the logical relationships that hold between complete propositions.
History Of PhilosophyTHE EARLY MODERN PERIOD
November 15, 2023

THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD

Philosophical thought during the Enlightenment was characterized by a rejection of existing sources of authority. The broadly Aristotelean scientific worldview was undermined by a period of scientific revolution—conventionally beginning with…
Writing Philosophy
November 21, 2023

ESSENTIAL WRITING SKILLS

Having just walked through the basic process of writing a philosophy paper, we turn now to the essential skillset you should develop and apply not only to the writing of…
WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?
November 12, 2023

WHAT IS THE “SUBJECT MATTER” OF PHILOSOPHY

“There is a common misunderstanding that philosophy—like chemistry or history—has a content to offer, a content that a teacher is to teach and a student is to learn,” writes Professor…
WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?
November 24, 2023

PHILOSOPHICAL FILMS AND TV SHOWS

Note: Some of these titles may be difficult to find, either in DVD format or streaming. Film Animation Animal Farm (1954)Based on George Orwell’s novel of the same name, farm…
Logic
November 15, 2023

BASIC LOGICAL SYMBOLS

¬ one-place logical connective read as “not” or as “is not the case” ~ alternative notation for “not” & two-place logical connective read as “and” ˄ and
Philosophy BranchesTraditional Branches of Philosophy
December 12, 2023

PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION

Many religions distinguish between truths accessible through reason (natural theology), and truths accessible through faith (revealed theology). Both natural and revealed theology raise interesting philosophical questions about these two sources…
History Of PhilosophyMEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHY
November 15, 2023

SAINT AUGUSTINE

Like his contemporaries, Saint Augustine (354–430) was primarily influenced by Neoplatonism, and, indeed, credited Plotinus with helping him to understand Christian theology.
History Of Philosophy
November 15, 2023

THE PRE-SOCRATICS

The origins of Western philosophy are usually attributed to Thales of Miletus (fl. sixth century BC), who taught that “everything was made of water” and thus that the universe, all…
Writing Philosophy
November 22, 2023

THE PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING PROCESS

Writing is work, and for many of us, writing is hard work. Writing philosophy adds to this labor an element of intimidation. Whether you are writing an expository—explanatory and descriptive—essay…
CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHYHistory Of Philosophy
November 15, 2023

EXISTENTIALISM

A broad philosophical and literary movement that flourished during the first half of the twentieth century, Existentialism emphasized the uniqueness of human experience over the generalizations of traditional scientific or…
Logic
November 15, 2023

MANY-VALUE LOGICS

In the classical logics already discussed, the logical connectives are taken to be bivalent—that is, they allow of only two different truth values: true and false. One natural extension to…
History Of PhilosophyTHE EARLY MODERN PERIOD
November 15, 2023

RATIONALISM

Rationalism designates a variety of philosophical schools maintaining that reason, as opposed to empirical investigation, is the most important method of acquiring knowledge.
Logic
November 15, 2023

NON-CLASSICAL LOGIC

While both the predicate calculus and the modal propositional calculus may be seen as extensions of the basic propositional calculus, there are also a variety of formal languages intended as…
CLASSICAL PHILOSOPHYHistory Of Philosophy
November 15, 2023

SKEPTICISM (PYRRHONISM)

Pyrrhonian Skepticism was founded by Pyrrho of Elis (c. 360–275 BC), who argued that knowledge is impossible. The Skeptics proposed various arguments for their conclusions, including Platonic doubts about the…

Books

  • How to Live: Or A Life of Montaigne in One Question and Twenty Attempts at an Answer

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  • The Holy Science

    $14.88
  • On the Shortness of Life

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  • Sade My Neighbor (Studies in Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy)

    $22.95
  • Down Girl: The Logic of Misogyny

    $15.99
  • The Yoga Sutras Of Patanjali

    $4.85
  • Thirty Seals & The Seal Of Seals (Collected Works of Giordano Bruno)

    $16.00
  • Byzantine and Renaissance Philosophy: A History of Philosophy Without Any Gaps, Volume 6

    $36.99
  • Letters from a Stoic (Collins Classics)

    $7.99
  • Native Pragmatism: Rethinking the Roots of American Philosophy

    $24.00
  • The Opening of Hegel’s Logic: From Being to Infinity (History of Philosophy Series)

    $30.74
  • The Persuaders: At the Front Lines of the Fight for Hearts, Minds, and Democracy

    $17.19
  • Fooled by Randomness: The Hidden Role of Chance in Life and in the Markets (Incerto)

    $15.19
  • The Republic (Penguin Classics)

    $9.60
  • The Book of Joy: Lasting Happiness in a Changing World

    $24.99
  • The Mastery of Love: A Practical Guide to the Art of Relationship: A Toltec Wisdom Book

    $9.80

Terms & Concepts

D

Difference principle

A principle of distributive justice associated with John Rawls, the difference principle states that inequalities in society are only justified if they nevertheless ensure the maximum benefit to the least…
M

Modus tollens

“Mode of Denial,” the Latin name for the formal logic rule that allows the negation of the antecedent of a conditional claim from the denial of the consequent. Argument of…
J

Justification

The formal or informal defense of a claim. https://youtube.com/shorts/12Yu2II8PAI?feature=share
Q
Quality
T
Tarski’s T-Schema
I
Instrumental goods
H
Hedon
E
Emotivism
T
Tao (Dao)
A
Absolute idealism
L
Logical necessity
L
Logical possibility (Logically possible statement)
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