Philosophy Student
By In History Of Philosophy

ATOMISM

Read Article
Philosophy Student
By In CLASSICAL PHILOSOPHY

EPICUREANISM

Read Article
Philosophy Student
By In History Of Philosophy

PLATO

Read Article
Philosophy Student
By In History Of Philosophy

THE ELEATIC SCHOOL

Read Article
Philosophy Student
By In Logic

PROPOSITIONAL CALCULUS (PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC)

The simplest formal (logical) language is the propositional calculus. This considers the logical relationships that hold between complete propositions.
Read More
ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHYHistory Of PhilosophyLOGICAL ATOMISM
November 15, 2023

LOGICAL ATOMISM

Although mostly associated with the logical analysis of language, analytic philosophy began in the philosophy of mathematics. Working independently, both Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell pursued programs of reducing mathematics…
Philosophy Student
Love2
PHILOSOPHICAL BOOKS AND TEXTCRITICAL THINKING AND LOGIC TEXTBOOKS
November 27, 2023

CRITICAL THINKING AND LOGIC TEXTBOOKS

Textbooks on critical thinking and logic.
Philosophy Student
Love0
Philosophy BranchesTraditional Branches of PhilosophyPHILOSOPHY OF LAW
December 12, 2023

PHILOSOPHY OF LAW

The philosophy of law is concerned with all aspects of theoretical reflection on laws and legal systems and therefore encompasses historical and sociological studies in addition to the philosophical questions…
Philosophy Student
Love1
CLASSICAL PHILOSOPHYHistory Of PhilosophySKEPTICISM (PYRRHONISM)
November 15, 2023

SKEPTICISM (PYRRHONISM)

Pyrrhonian Skepticism was founded by Pyrrho of Elis (c. 360–275 BC), who argued that knowledge is impossible. The Skeptics proposed various arguments for their conclusions, including Platonic doubts about the…
Philosophy Student
Love0
History Of PhilosophyCLASSICAL PHILOSOPHYPLATO
November 15, 2023

PLATO

Plato (427–347 BC) was born into a powerful family in Athens but abandoned politics after the execution of his teacher, Socrates; he subsequently traveled, became influenced by the Pythagoreans, and…
Philosophy Student
Love0
MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHYHistory Of PhilosophySAINT AUGUSTINE
November 15, 2023

SAINT AUGUSTINE

Like his contemporaries, Saint Augustine (354–430) was primarily influenced by Neoplatonism, and, indeed, credited Plotinus with helping him to understand Christian theology.
Philosophy Student
Love0
Writing PhilosophyGRADING CRITERIA FOR PHILOSOPHY ESSAYS
November 24, 2023

GRADING CRITERIA FOR PHILOSOPHY ESSAYS

The eight skills just listed are so central to philosophical writing that we may count them among the criteria most instructors use in grading essay assignments. Keep these eight skills…
Philosophy Student
Love0
MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHYHistory Of PhilosophyMEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHY
November 15, 2023

MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHY

The Medieval Period is usually dated between the fall of the Western Roman Empire (476)and the beginning of the Renaissance (c. 1300). In terms of philosophy, the period begins inthe…
Philosophy Student
Love0
LogicRELEVANCE LOGICS
November 15, 2023

RELEVANCE LOGICS

A relevance logic is motivated by the idea that the premises of a valid argument must be somehow “relevant” to its conclusion. The idea is motivated by the fact that…
Philosophy Student
Love0
MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHYHistory Of PhilosophySCHOLASTICISM
November 15, 2023

SCHOLASTICISM

A general term for those philosophers influenced by the medieval rediscovery of classic texts, Scholasticism is broadly characterized by an interest in logic and disputation and is motivated to resolve…
Philosophy Student
Love0
CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHYHistory Of PhilosophyTHE FRANKFURT SCHOOL
November 15, 2023

THE FRANKFURT SCHOOL

A group of philosophers, cultural critics, and social scientists based around the Frankfurt (Germany) Institute for Social Research were primarily concerned with integrating philosophical analysis with then-recent results in the…
Philosophy Student
Love0
Writing PhilosophyTHE PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING PROCESS
November 22, 2023

THE PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING PROCESS

Writing is work, and for many of us, writing is hard work. Writing philosophy adds to this labor an element of intimidation. Whether you are writing an expository—explanatory and descriptive—essay…
Philosophy Student
Love0
History Of PhilosophyCLASSICAL PHILOSOPHYARISTOTLE
November 15, 2023

ARISTOTLE

Aristotle (384–322 BC) was born in Stagira but moved to Athens as a young man to study at Plato’s Academy. Following Plato’s death, Aristotle traveled, became tutor to Alexander the…
Philosophy Student
Love1
Modern Branches of PhilosophyPhilosophy BranchesHERMENEUTICS
November 14, 2023

HERMENEUTICS

Originally applied to scriptural exegesis (interpretation), hermeneutics is more generally the theory and method of all “textual” interpretation. In the modern context, this refers to both verbal and non-verbal “texts”…
Philosophy Student
Love0
WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?PHILOSOPHICAL FILMS AND TV SHOWS
November 24, 2023

PHILOSOPHICAL FILMS AND TV SHOWS

Note: Some of these titles may be difficult to find, either in DVD format or streaming. Film Animation Animal Farm (1954)Based on George Orwell’s novel of the same name, farm…
Philosophy Student
Love0
Philosophy Student
By In History Of Philosophy

ORDINARY LANGUAGE PHILOSOPHY

Between the 1940s and the 1960s, analytic philosophy shifted away from investigating the (supposed) underlying logical structure of language. While…
Read More

Logic

Books

  • Buy product

    Ways of Seeing: Based on the BBC Television Series (Penguin Books for Art)

    $6.67
  • Buy product

    Siddhartha (Deluxe Hardcover Book)

    $9.99
  • Buy product

    Face Masks In One Lesson

    $7.98
  • Buy product

    The Myth of Sisyphus and Other Essays

    $10.58
  • Buy product

    We Are Not Alone: A Maimonidean Theology of the Other

    $109.00
  • Buy product

    No Exit and Three Other Plays

    $10.64
  • Buy product

    La disciplina marcará tu destino / Discipline Is Destiny: The Power of Self-Cont rol (LAS CUATRO VIRTUDES ESTOICAS) (Spanish Edition)

    $21.95
  • Buy product

    Tao Te Ching: A New English Version (Perennial Classics)

    $11.69
  • Buy product

    Ideas Have Consequences: Expanded Edition

    $18.00
  • Buy product

    Existentialism: A Very Short Introduction

    $11.95
  • Buy product

    The Socratic Dialogues Early Period, Volume 2: Gorgias, Protagoras, Meno, Euthydemus, Lesser Hippias, Greater Hippias

    $15.99
  • Buy product

    The Spell of the Sensuous

    $46.00
  • Buy product

    How to Think Like a Roman Emperor

    $13.59
  • Buy product

    UNDERSTANDING IMMANUEL KANT: The Smart Student’s Guide to Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals (Philosophy Study Guides)

    $8.74
  • Buy product

    The Classical Utilitarians (Hackett Classics)

    $14.50
  • Buy product

    The Wisdom of Leonardo Da Vinci

    $6.06

The Atomos Blog

How do you get from a singularity to infinity?

How do you get from a singularity to infinity?

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy Student
Read More
How do you get from a singularity to infinity?Philosophy of PhysicsPHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

How do you get from a singularity to infinity?

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy StudentApril 24, 2026
When the Light of a Dead Star Touches Your EyePhilosophy of PhysicsPHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCERealism vs Anti-RealismScientific Realism

When the Light of a Dead Star Touches Your Eye

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy StudentApril 22, 2026
The ThresholdConsciousnessPHILOSOPHY OF MIND

The Threshold

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy StudentApril 20, 2026
Can Math Prove Its Own Sanity? — A Deep Dive into Artemov’s Landmark PaperProof TheoryUncategorized

Can Math Prove Its Own Sanity? — A Deep Dive into Artemov’s Landmark Paper

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy StudentApril 14, 2026
What Does the Mind Really Mean?Mental RepresentationPHILOSOPHY OF MIND

What Does the Mind Really Mean?

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy StudentApril 13, 2026
The Symphony of Existence: Strings, Dimensions, and the Persistence of IdentityConscious ExperienceEXISTENTIALISM AND PHENOMENOLOGYIdentity and ChangePersonal IdentityPhilosophy of Physics

The Symphony of Existence: Strings, Dimensions, and the Persistence of Identity

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy StudentApril 6, 2026
Does It Feel Like Anything To Be Claude?Ai and Machine Consciousness

Does It Feel Like Anything To Be Claude?

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy StudentApril 4, 2026
Natural Function and Perceptual ContentMental RepresentationPhilosophy of Biology

Natural Function and Perceptual Content

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy StudentMarch 7, 2026
Philosophy of Law: An IntroductionAtomosPHILOSOPHY OF LAW

Philosophy of Law: An Introduction

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy StudentJanuary 10, 2026
Philosophy of Science: An IntroductionAtomosPHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Philosophy of Science: An Introduction

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy StudentJanuary 10, 2026
Aesthetics: An IntroductionAESTHETICSAtomos

Aesthetics: An Introduction

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy StudentJanuary 10, 2026
Epistemology: An IntroductionAtomosEPISTEMOLOGY

Epistemology: An Introduction

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy StudentJanuary 10, 2026
Ethics: An IntroductionAtomosETHICS

Ethics: An Introduction

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy StudentJanuary 10, 2026
Logic: An IntroductionAtomosLOGIC

Logic: An Introduction

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy StudentJanuary 10, 2026
Metaphysics: An IntroductionAtomosMETAPHYSICS

Metaphysics: An Introduction

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy StudentJanuary 10, 2026
Philosophy of Science: An Introduction

Philosophy of Science: An Introduction

Philosophy StudentPhilosophy Student
Read More

Terms & Concepts

C

Communism

The political theory derived from Marx’s argument in favor of a class war that would result in publicly owned property and “each works and is supported according to his abilities…
V

Verisimilitude

The degree of truth likeness, or how much closer one theory is to the truth than another. Early measures of verisimilitude compared the number of true and false sentences; contemporary…
I

Imperative

A command that prescribes how we should, or ought, to act. https://youtube.com/shorts/tbpt7TG0FPc?feature=share
I
Intention/intentionality
A
Animism
C
Certainty
C
Categorical Logic
D
Dukkha
Z
Zend-Avesta
F
Formal cause
P
Principle of induction
D
Dialetheism
View All