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Many religions distinguish between truths accessible through reason (natural theology), and truths accessible through faith (revealed theology). Both natural and revealed theology raise interesting philosophical questions about these two sources…

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CLASSICAL PHILOSOPHY History Of Philosophy

November 15, 2023

CYNICISM

Founded by Antisthenes (c. 445–360 BC), who taught the importance of individual virtue over material luxury, Cynicism was contemptuous of political institutions and organized religion. It rejected refined philosophical speculation…

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CLASSICAL PHILOSOPHY History Of Philosophy

November 15, 2023

SKEPTICISM (PYRRHONISM)

Pyrrhonian Skepticism was founded by Pyrrho of Elis (c. 360–275 BC), who argued that knowledge is impossible. The Skeptics proposed various arguments for their conclusions, including Platonic doubts about the…

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History Of Philosophy CLASSICAL PHILOSOPHY

November 15, 2023

ARISTOTLE

Aristotle (384–322 BC) was born in Stagira but moved to Athens as a young man to study at Plato’s Academy. Following Plato’s death, Aristotle traveled, became tutor to Alexander the…

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Modern Branches of Philosophy Philosophy Branches

November 14, 2023

HERMENEUTICS

Originally applied to scriptural exegesis (interpretation), hermeneutics is more generally the theory and method of all “textual” interpretation. In the modern context, this refers to both verbal and non-verbal “texts”…

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PHILOSOPHICAL BOOKS AND TEXT

November 27, 2023

BOOKS TO GUIDE NOVICE PHILOSOPHY STUDENTS

This list is aimed at curating those texts that will both challenge a novice researcher, and continually reward repeated encounters as you develop your philosophical interests.

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Writing Philosophy

November 24, 2023

WHAT IS GOOD WRITING?

What is good music? What is good art? What is good writing? Such questions unleash many opinions. The branch of traditional philosophy called Aesthetics is devoted to answering such questions…

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Traditional Branches of Philosophy Philosophy Branches

December 12, 2023

EPISTEMOLOGY

Epistemology is the study of knowledge, including its nature and its extent, and of justification (that is, whether a belief is formed in a valid way to justify its being…

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History Of Philosophy

November 15, 2023

THE ELEATIC SCHOOL

Based in the Ionian colony of Elea (modern-day Velia) in southern Italy, and primarily associated with Parmenides (early fifth century BC) and Melissus of Samos (mid fifth century BC), the…

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PHILOSOPHICAL BOOKS AND TEXT

November 27, 2023

INTRODUCTORY LOGIC TEXTS

There are some fairly firm distinctions between critical thinking and formal (symbolic) logic texts. Whereas critical thinking focuses broadly on argumentation, formal logic is the study of the principles of…

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CLASSICAL PHILOSOPHY History Of Philosophy

November 15, 2023

EPICUREANISM

Founded by Epicurus (341–271 BC), this eponymous philosophy is best known through the Roman poet Lucretius (mid first century BC). Like the Atomists, the Epicureans maintained that everything is made…

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FORMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING

November 20, 2023

THE ESSAY OF AFFIRMATION

The essay of affirmation takes the position I agree. If you want to write an essay agreeing with—affirming—the ideas of another, such as a philosopher, a simple statement of agreement…

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History Of Philosophy

November 15, 2023

POST-KANTIAN PHILOSOPHY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY

Kant’s philosophy continued to dominate throughout the nineteenth century, although there were increasing concerns about the overall coherence of his system; in particular, there was doubt as to whether the…

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FORMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING Writing Philosophy

November 19, 2023

OTHER CATEGORIZATIONS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING

There are other ways of classifying the forms of philosophic writing you may be asked to produce. The most prominent of these are: The Expository Paper The Argumentative Paper The…

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Writing Philosophy

November 24, 2023

WRITING PHILOSOPHY

How Do You Do Philosophy? Writing Is Central To Philosophy What Philosophy Professors Want From Student Writers What Is Good Writing? What Is Good Philosophical Writing? Grading Criteria for Philosophy…

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By Philosophy Student In MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHY

MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHY

The Medieval Period is usually dated between the fall of the Western Roman Empire (476)and the beginning of the Renaissance…

Logic

HIGHER-ORDER LOGICS

Logic

INTUITIONISM

Logic

RELEVANCE LOGICS

Logic

QUANTUM LOGIC

Logic

NON-CLASSICAL LOGIC

Logic

MANY-VALUE LOGICS

Books

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Counter Wokecraft: A Field Manual for Combatting the Woke in the University and Beyond
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On the Shortness of Life
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Philosophy 101: From Plato and Socrates to Ethics and Metaphysics, an Essential Primer on the History of Thought (Adams 101 Series)
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Lives of the Stoics: The Art of Living from Zeno to Marcus Aurelius
$18.15
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Anatomy of the Spirit: The Seven Stages of Power and Healing
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Process and Reality (Gifford Lectures Delivered in the University of Edinburgh During the Session 1927-28)
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Why Good People Do Bad Things: Understanding Our Darker Selves
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The Nicomachean Ethics (Penguin Classics)
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Dawn: Thoughts on the Presumptions of Morality, Volume 5 (The Complete Works of Friedrich Nietzsche) (V. 5)
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A Theory of Justice
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Less Than Nothing: Hegel And The Shadow Of Dialectical Materialism
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How to be a conservative
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Shop Class as Soulcraft: An Inquiry into the Value of Work
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Finite and Infinite Games
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Living from the Soul: The 7 Spiritual Principles of Ralph Waldo Emerson
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Stoic Philosophy of Seneca: Essays and Letters
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The Atomos Blog

Atomos

How do you get from a singularity to infinity?

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Atomos

Philosophy of Physics PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Philosophy of Science: An Introduction

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Stoicism

A philosophical system developed by ancient Greek thinkers that integrates metaphysics,epistemology, logic, and ethics. The basic Stoic view is that nature is (providentially) deterministic but that we can achieve happiness…

Negation elimination

In symbolic logic, a valid inference in a system of truth-functional rules. This rule relies on the truth definition of the negation, where a doubly negated statement (¬¬P) is truth…

Axiology

The branch of philosophy concerned with the study of value, both aesthetic value and moral value. https://youtube.com/shorts/WBUqJDiQYrM?feature=share

Pragmatism

Hypothetico-Deductive Method

Principle of sufficient reason

Argument

Inconsistent

Literal

Immoralist

Appeal to force or fear (ad baculum)

Transcendental ego

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PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION

CYNICISM

SKEPTICISM (PYRRHONISM)

ARISTOTLE

HERMENEUTICS

BOOKS TO GUIDE NOVICE PHILOSOPHY STUDENTS

WHAT IS GOOD WRITING?

EPISTEMOLOGY

THE ELEATIC SCHOOL

INTRODUCTORY LOGIC TEXTS

EPICUREANISM

THE ESSAY OF AFFIRMATION

POST-KANTIAN PHILOSOPHY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY

OTHER CATEGORIZATIONS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING

WRITING PHILOSOPHY

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Books

biographies

Recent Posts

The Atomos Blog

Logic

Books

Counter Wokecraft: A Field Manual for Combatting the Woke in the University and Beyond

On the Shortness of Life

Philosophy 101: From Plato and Socrates to Ethics and Metaphysics, an Essential Primer on the History of Thought (Adams 101 Series)

Lives of the Stoics: The Art of Living from Zeno to Marcus Aurelius

Anatomy of the Spirit: The Seven Stages of Power and Healing

Process and Reality (Gifford Lectures Delivered in the University of Edinburgh During the Session 1927-28)

Why Good People Do Bad Things: Understanding Our Darker Selves

The Nicomachean Ethics (Penguin Classics)

Dawn: Thoughts on the Presumptions of Morality, Volume 5 (The Complete Works of Friedrich Nietzsche) (V. 5)

A Theory of Justice

Less Than Nothing: Hegel And The Shadow Of Dialectical Materialism

How to be a conservative

Shop Class as Soulcraft: An Inquiry into the Value of Work

Finite and Infinite Games

Living from the Soul: The 7 Spiritual Principles of Ralph Waldo Emerson

Stoic Philosophy of Seneca: Essays and Letters

The Atomos Blog

How do you get from a singularity to infinity?

How do you get from a singularity to infinity?

When the Light of a Dead Star Touches Your Eye

The Threshold

Can Math Prove Its Own Sanity? — A Deep Dive into Artemov’s Landmark Paper

What Does the Mind Really Mean?

The Symphony of Existence: Strings, Dimensions, and the Persistence of Identity

Does It Feel Like Anything To Be Claude?

Natural Function and Perceptual Content

Philosophy of Law: An Introduction

Philosophy of Science: An Introduction

Aesthetics: An Introduction

Epistemology: An Introduction

Ethics: An Introduction

Logic: An Introduction

Metaphysics: An Introduction

Philosophy of Science: An Introduction

The Atomos Blog

Terms & Concepts

Stoicism

Negation elimination

Axiology

Pragmatism

Hypothetico-Deductive Method

Principle of sufficient reason

Argument

Inconsistent

Literal

Immoralist

Appeal to force or fear (ad baculum)

Transcendental ego

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