THE ESSAY OF AFFIRMATION
The essay of affirmation takes the position I agree. If you want to write an essay agreeing with—affirming—the ideas of another, such as a philosopher, a simple statement of agreement…
INTUITIONISM
One of the most familiar non-classical logics is intuitionism, which, in simple terms, is based upon the rejection of the…
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HIGHER-ORDER LOGICS
HIGHER-ORDER LOGICS
The language sketched above is better referred to as first-order predicate calculus, as the language only quantifies over (first-order) individuals. A stronger language, second-order predicate calculus, can therefore be constructed…
POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY
POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY
Political philosophy is at least as old as Plato (428/227 or 424/423-348/347 BC) and is concerned with the nature of the state and, more broadly, with coercive institutions, and their…
SCHOLASTICISM
SCHOLASTICISM
A general term for those philosophers influenced by the medieval rediscovery of classic texts, Scholasticism is broadly characterized by an interest in logic and disputation and is motivated to resolve…
HERMENEUTICS
HERMENEUTICS
Originally applied to scriptural exegesis (interpretation), hermeneutics is more generally the theory and method of all “textual” interpretation. In the modern context, this refers to both verbal and non-verbal “texts”…
THE FRANKFURT SCHOOL
THE FRANKFURT SCHOOL
A group of philosophers, cultural critics, and social scientists based around the Frankfurt (Germany) Institute for Social Research were primarily concerned with integrating philosophical analysis with then-recent results in the…
EMPIRICISM
EMPIRICISM
Empiricism covers a range of views prioritizing experience as the primary source of knowledge. During the Early Modern Period, this view was expounded by the so-called British Empiricists—Locke, Berkeley, and…
ESSENTIAL READING IN THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY
ESSENTIAL READING IN THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY
A comprehensive list of essential readings in the history of philosophy.
CRITICAL THINKING AND LOGIC TEXTBOOKS
CRITICAL THINKING AND LOGIC TEXTBOOKS
Textbooks on critical thinking and logic.
PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE
PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE
The study of natural languages is conventionally divided among questions of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics, all of which raise significant issues for the philosophy of language. In terms of syntax…
PYTHAGOREANISM
PYTHAGOREANISM
Based on the teachings of Pythagoras (c. 570–495 BC) and the school he established inCroton in southern Italy, we may conclude that, in many ways, Pythagoreanism was more ofa mystery…
EPISTEMOLOGY
EPISTEMOLOGY
Epistemology is the study of knowledge, including its nature and its extent, and of justification (that is, whether a belief is formed in a valid way to justify its being…
INTRODUCTORY PHILOSOPHY TEXTS
INTRODUCTORY PHILOSOPHY TEXTS
There is no substitute for grappling primary sources. Nevertheless, secondary sources—including scholarly research, literary reviews, historical summaries—are valuable tools. They not only show you how you can begin thinking about…
MANY-VALUE LOGICS
MANY-VALUE LOGICS
In the classical logics already discussed, the logical connectives are taken to be bivalent—that is, they allow of only two different truth values: true and false. One natural extension to…
MIDDLE EASTERN TRADITIONS
MIDDLE EASTERN TRADITIONS
As the Middle East is often called the cradle of civilization, it is also the source of some of the earliest philosophical literature. Much of it is devoted to what…
PHILOSOPHICAL FILMS AND TV SHOWS
Note: Some of these titles may be difficult to find, either in DVD format or streaming. Film Animation Animal Farm…
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Discipline Is Destiny: The Power of Self-Control (The Stoic Virtues Series)
$15.99
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Stillness Is the Key
$7.99
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Right Thing, Right Now: Justice in an Unjust World (The Stoic Virtues Series)
$28.00
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How to Think Like a Roman Emperor: The Stoic Philosophy of Marcus Aurelius
$13.12
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Letters from a Stoic: Penguin Classics
$14.52
Books
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Corpus Hermeticum: The Divine Pymander
$6.75 -
Ashtavakra Gita: Word-for-Word Translation from Sanskrit by
$7.99 -
Beauty in the Light of the Redemption
$9.99 -
The Wealth of Nations (Bantam Classics)
$7.69 -
Spark Joy: An Illustrated Guide to the Japanese Art of Tidying
$19.13 -
Miracle Minded Medium: The Purpose and Power of Talking to Dead People
$19.95 -
Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason
$13.89 -
The Dynamics of Transformation: Tracing an Emerging World View
$17.95 -
The Collected Works, Vol. 5
$7.13 -
You Are Here: Discovering the Magic of the Present Moment
$10.39 -
Radical Love: From Separation to Connection with the Earth, Each Other, and Ourselves
$12.29 -
The Soul of Civility: Timeless Principles to Heal Society and Ourselves
$24.36 -
General Problem Theory: A Framework For Problem Solving In The Unknown (Pinnacle Quest)
$9.95 -
The Kierkegaard Collection
$12.99 -
Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology: Expanded Second Edition
$15.59 -
Practicing the Power of Now: Essential Teachings, Meditations, And Exercises From the Power of Now (Easyread Large)
$25.99
The Atomos Blog
Philosophy of Law: An Introduction
Philosophy of Law: An Introduction
Philosophy of Law: An Introduction
Philosophy of Law: An Introduction
Philosophy of Science: An Introduction
Philosophy of Science: An Introduction
Aesthetics: An Introduction
Aesthetics: An Introduction
Epistemology: An Introduction
Epistemology: An Introduction
Ethics: An Introduction
Ethics: An Introduction
Logic: An Introduction
Logic: An Introduction
Metaphysics: An Introduction
Metaphysics: An Introduction
Philosophy of History: An Introduction
Philosophy of History: An Introduction
Philosophy of Language: An Introduction
Philosophy of Language: An Introduction
Philosophy of Mind: An Introduction
Philosophy of Mind: An Introduction
Philosophy of Technology: An Introduction
Philosophy of Technology: An Introduction
Political and Social Philosophy: An Introduction
Political and Social Philosophy: An Introduction
Environmental Philosophy: An Introduction
Environmental Philosophy: An Introduction
Existentialism and Phenomenology: An Introduction
Existentialism and Phenomenology: An Introduction
Feminist Philosophy: An Introduction
Feminist Philosophy: An Introduction
Philosophy of Mind: An Introduction
Philosophy of Mind: An Introduction
Terms & Concepts
Subjectivism
The view that knowledge and morality are relative to the subject; there are no objective truths. https://youtube.com/shorts/dCAZ4wHUpV4?feature=share
Absurdity
The sense, typically associated with existentialism, that existence in general (and life in particular) is meaningless and the universe indifferent, and therefore irrational. This sense arises from the conflict between…
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