A hypothesis added to avoid falsification; more specifically, a hypothesis that does not increase the overall content, hence falsifiability, of the theory. An example is the hypothesis of the cosmological…
A two-step inference involving the subalternation from the A-proposition to its corresponding I-proposition and then converting the result. Conversion by limitation is a valid inference only for the A-proposition on…
Plato’s realm of reality, contrasted with the realms of appearance and becoming, is being, the realm of eternal and immutable Forms. More generally, the term “being” is used by philosophers…