CLASSICAL PHILOSOPHY
The Classical Period in philosophy was dominated by the teachings of Plato (427–347 BC) and Aristotle (384–322 BC) but gradually fell into a decline following the conquest of the independent…
METAPHYSICS
Metaphysics is the philosophical investigation of reality, including the nature of the world and the entities it contains. While such…
Read More
ORDINARY LANGUAGE PHILOSOPHY
ORDINARY LANGUAGE PHILOSOPHY
Between the 1940s and the 1960s, analytic philosophy shifted away from investigating the (supposed) underlying logical structure of language. While it was still primarily concerned with conceptual analysis, this was…
QUANTUM LOGIC
QUANTUM LOGIC
Most non-classical logics are motivated by either philosophical considerations, such as the metaphysical status of the future, or technical concerns about the neutrality of the logical connectives or the notion…
ETHICS
ETHICS
Ethics is the study of morality and can be divided into three main areas of inquiry. Descriptive ethics concerns the actual moral beliefs held by specific individuals or societies and…
METAPHYSICS
METAPHYSICS
Metaphysics is the philosophical investigation of reality, including the nature of the world and the entities it contains. While such an investigation inevitably overlaps with natural philosophy—the sciences, especially physics…
THE PRE-SOCRATICS
THE PRE-SOCRATICS
The origins of Western philosophy are usually attributed to Thales of Miletus (fl. sixth century BC), who taught that “everything was made of water” and thus that the universe, all…
PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION
PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION
Many religions distinguish between truths accessible through reason (natural theology), and truths accessible through faith (revealed theology). Both natural and revealed theology raise interesting philosophical questions about these two sources…
THE PERSONAL ESSAY
THE PERSONAL ESSAY
The personal essay is a self-reflective search for meaning. Unlike most philosophical writing, it is not argumentative. Instead, it is exploratory and speculative, often even somewhat confessional. It is typically…
SAINT AUGUSTINE
SAINT AUGUSTINE
Like his contemporaries, Saint Augustine (354–430) was primarily influenced by Neoplatonism, and, indeed, credited Plotinus with helping him to understand Christian theology.
RELEVANCE LOGICS
RELEVANCE LOGICS
A relevance logic is motivated by the idea that the premises of a valid argument must be somehow “relevant” to its conclusion. The idea is motivated by the fact that…
ATOMISM
ATOMISM
Atomism was founded by Leucippus (who flourished around 440 BC) but was primarily elaborated by Democritus (c. 460-370 BC) as a way of reconciling the Eleatic doctrine of the impossibility…
CYNICISM
CYNICISM
Founded by Antisthenes (c. 445–360 BC), who taught the importance of individual virtue over material luxury, Cynicism was contemptuous of political institutions and organized religion. It rejected refined philosophical speculation…
LIBERALISM
LIBERALISM
A political philosophy whose central claim is that a government’s authority is justified only insofar as it secures the liberty of its subjects, Liberalism is generally traced to John Locke…
LOGICAL ATOMISM
LOGICAL ATOMISM
Although mostly associated with the logical analysis of language, analytic philosophy began in the philosophy of mathematics. Working independently, both Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell pursued programs of reducing mathematics…
THE FRANKFURT SCHOOL
THE FRANKFURT SCHOOL
A group of philosophers, cultural critics, and social scientists based around the Frankfurt (Germany) Institute for Social Research were primarily concerned with integrating philosophical analysis with then-recent results in the…
AFRICAN PHILOSOPHY
The earliest indigenous African philosophy to produce written documents emerged during the seventeenth century, especially in Ethiopia. Zera Yacob (1599–1692),…
Read More
-
Discipline Is Destiny: The Power of Self-Control (The Stoic Virtues Series)
$15.99
-
Stillness Is the Key
$7.99
-
Right Thing, Right Now: Justice in an Unjust World (The Stoic Virtues Series)
$28.00
-
How to Think Like a Roman Emperor: The Stoic Philosophy of Marcus Aurelius
$13.12
-
Letters from a Stoic: Penguin Classics
$14.52
Books
-
Thinking in Systems and Mental Models: Think Like a Super Thinker. Primer to Learn the Art of Making a Great Decision and Solving Complex Problems. Chaos Theory, Science of Thinking for Social Change
$29.31 -
Malinalco Orígenes (Spanish Edition)
$15.00 -
UNDERSTANDING PHILOSOPHY: The Smart Student’s Guide to Reading and Writing Philosophy (Philosophy Study Guides)
$9.95 -
The I Ching, or, Book of Changes (Bollingen Series XIX) (Bollingen Series, 31)
$22.61 -
Meditations: The Annotated Edition
$17.99 -
Fear: Essential Wisdom for Getting Through the Storm
$11.59 -
The Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius: or Manresa (Tan Classics)
$14.29 -
Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy
$5.99 -
The World as Will and Representation, Vol. 2
$13.79 -
A Terribly Serious Adventure: Philosophy and War at Oxford, 1900-1960
$25.33 -
Heidegger For Beginners
$15.21 -
The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind
$16.43 -
Nietzsche and Philosophy (Columbia Classics in Philosophy)
$16.49 -
Trauma Informed CBT: Your Guide to Free from Trauma Informed CBT|Deal with Stress, Anxiety & Face The World |Appreciate Yourself Today
$7.99 -
Existentialism from Dostoevsky to Sartre, Revised and Expanded Edition, Book Cover May Vary
$20.00 -
God-ordained Marriage: How to Pray and Prepare for your God-ordained Love Story
$19.99
The Atomos Blog
How do you get from a singularity to infinity?
How do you get from a singularity to infinity?
How do you get from a singularity to infinity?
How do you get from a singularity to infinity?
When the Light of a Dead Star Touches Your Eye
When the Light of a Dead Star Touches Your Eye
The Threshold
The Threshold
Can Math Prove Its Own Sanity? — A Deep Dive into Artemov’s Landmark Paper
Can Math Prove Its Own Sanity? — A Deep Dive into Artemov’s Landmark Paper
What Does the Mind Really Mean?
What Does the Mind Really Mean?
The Symphony of Existence: Strings, Dimensions, and the Persistence of Identity
The Symphony of Existence: Strings, Dimensions, and the Persistence of Identity
Does It Feel Like Anything To Be Claude?
Does It Feel Like Anything To Be Claude?
Natural Function and Perceptual Content
Natural Function and Perceptual Content
Philosophy of Law: An Introduction
Philosophy of Law: An Introduction
Philosophy of Science: An Introduction
Philosophy of Science: An Introduction
Aesthetics: An Introduction
Aesthetics: An Introduction
Epistemology: An Introduction
Epistemology: An Introduction
Ethics: An Introduction
Ethics: An Introduction
Logic: An Introduction
Logic: An Introduction
Metaphysics: An Introduction
Metaphysics: An Introduction
Philosophy of Science: An Introduction
Philosophy of Science: An Introduction
Terms & Concepts
Generalization from experience (or Inductive generalization)
An inference from experience; more specifically, an inference from observation and experimentation to a generalization about the class of the thing investigated. https://youtube.com/shorts/xKEy22wrCtc?feature=share
Categorical Imperative
Kant’s name for the expression of reason’s supreme moral principle; it commands under all circumstances to either do, or not do, something. It is an ethical directive based on the…
View All
