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Between the 1940s and the 1960s, analytic philosophy shifted away from investigating the (supposed) underlying logical structure of language. While it was still primarily concerned with conceptual analysis, this was…

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CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY History Of Philosophy

November 15, 2023

CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

While the focus of western philosophy has primarily been on the analysis and understanding of our most basic concepts, another important theme has been the preparation and education of man…

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Philosophy Branches Traditional Branches of Philosophy

December 12, 2023

PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION

Many religions distinguish between truths accessible through reason (natural theology), and truths accessible through faith (revealed theology). Both natural and revealed theology raise interesting philosophical questions about these two sources…

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CLASSICAL PHILOSOPHY History Of Philosophy

November 15, 2023

SKEPTICISM (PYRRHONISM)

Pyrrhonian Skepticism was founded by Pyrrho of Elis (c. 360–275 BC), who argued that knowledge is impossible. The Skeptics proposed various arguments for their conclusions, including Platonic doubts about the…

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THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD History Of Philosophy

November 15, 2023

THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD

Philosophical thought during the Enlightenment was characterized by a rejection of existing sources of authority. The broadly Aristotelean scientific worldview was undermined by a period of scientific revolution—conventionally beginning with…

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History Of Philosophy ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY

November 15, 2023

LOGICAL POSITIVISM

Originally founded by Auguste Comte (1798–1857), Positivism was primarily a view about science. Influenced by Immanuel Kant’s (1724-1804) assertion that knowledge of things-inthemselves was impossible, Comte argued that our scientific…

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Logic

November 15, 2023

RELEVANCE LOGICS

A relevance logic is motivated by the idea that the premises of a valid argument must be somehow “relevant” to its conclusion. The idea is motivated by the fact that…

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WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?

November 12, 2023

WHAT IS THE “SUBJECT MATTER” OF PHILOSOPHY

“There is a common misunderstanding that philosophy—like chemistry or history—has a content to offer, a content that a teacher is to teach and a student is to learn,” writes Professor…

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Philosophy Branches Traditional Branches of Philosophy

December 12, 2023

METAPHYSICS

Metaphysics is the philosophical investigation of reality, including the nature of the world and the entities it contains. While such an investigation inevitably overlaps with natural philosophy—the sciences, especially physics…

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WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?

November 12, 2023

WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?

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FORMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING Writing Philosophy

November 20, 2023

FORMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING

The word essay comes from the French infinitive verb essayer, meaning “to try” or “to attempt.” In fact, when the word was first borrowed into the English language, as essay,…

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FORMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING Writing Philosophy

November 19, 2023

OTHER CATEGORIZATIONS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING

There are other ways of classifying the forms of philosophic writing you may be asked to produce. The most prominent of these are: The Expository Paper The Argumentative Paper The…

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WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?

November 24, 2023

PHILOSOPHICAL FILMS AND TV SHOWS

Note: Some of these titles may be difficult to find, either in DVD format or streaming. Film Animation Animal Farm (1954)Based on George Orwell’s novel of the same name, farm…

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PHILOSOPHICAL BOOKS AND TEXT

November 27, 2023

CRITICAL THINKING AND LOGIC TEXTBOOKS

Textbooks on critical thinking and logic.

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PHILOSOPHICAL BOOKS AND TEXT

November 23, 2023

PHILOSOPHICAL BOOKS AND TEXT

ESSENTIAL READING IN THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY BOOKS TO GUIDE NOVICE PHILOSOPHY STUDENTS INTRODUCTORY PHILOSOPHY TEXTS GUIDES TO PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING INTRODUCTORY LOGIC TEXTS CRITICAL THINKING AND LOGIC TEXTBOOKS

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By Philosophy Student In CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY

PHENOMENOLOGY

As originally developed by Edmund Husserl (1859–1938), phenomenology seeks to provide a detailed description of the way in which things…

Logic

BASIC LOGICAL SYMBOLS

Logic

NON-CLASSICAL LOGIC

Logic

QUANTUM LOGIC

Logic

HIGHER-ORDER LOGICS

Logic

PROPOSITIONAL CALCULUS (PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC)

Logic

PREDICATE CALCULUS (PREDICATE LOGIC)

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Tantra of the Yoga Sutras: Essential Wisdom for Living with Awareness and Grace
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Visual Thinking
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Totemism.
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The Shadow Work Journal: A Guide to Integrate and Transcend your Shadows
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The Way, the Enemy, and the Key: A Boxed Set of The Obstacle is the Way, Ego is the Enemy & Stillness is the Key
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Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia (Penguin Classics)
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The Twilight of the Idols and the Anti-Christ: or How to Philosophize with a Hammer (Penguin Classics)
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The Extended Mind: The Power of Thinking Outside the Brain
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The End of Faith: Religion, Terror, and the Future of Reason
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The Complete Philosophy Primer: An Undergraduate Study Companion
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Expired Mindsets: Releasing Patterns That No Longer Serve You Well
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Uncovering Greek Mythology: A Beginner’s Guide into the World of Greek Gods and Goddesses (Mythology Collection)
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Meditations Illustrated Edition: Wisdom Unleashed: Empowering Lessons from a Stoic Emperor
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Knowledge and Christian Belief
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Humanly Possible: Seven Hundred Years of Humanist Freethinking, Inquiry, and Hope
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What Is Philosophy?
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The Atomos Blog

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Philosophy of Physics PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Philosophy of Science: An Introduction

Philosophy Student

Conversion

An immediate inference made by exchanging the subject and predicate terms of a categorical proposition. Conversion is a valid inference when the resulting proposition is equivalent to the original. As…

Deductive system

A formal system of rules and instructions for use in the construction of formal proofs. https://youtube.com/shorts/pDYLbXCNalU?feature=share

Grue Paradox

Nelson Goodman’s (1906-1998) argument that every inductive basis supports an infinite number of incompatible predictions: for instance, “all emeralds are green” versus “allemeralds are grue,” where grue means green now,…

Four Noble Truths

Analects

Aristotelian forms

Areté

Correspondence theory of truth

Neoplatonism

Hermeneutics

Rationalism

Begging the question

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ORDINARY LANGUAGE PHILOSOPHY

CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION

SKEPTICISM (PYRRHONISM)

THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD

LOGICAL POSITIVISM

RELEVANCE LOGICS

WHAT IS THE “SUBJECT MATTER” OF PHILOSOPHY

METAPHYSICS

WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?

FORMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING

OTHER CATEGORIZATIONS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING

PHILOSOPHICAL FILMS AND TV SHOWS

CRITICAL THINKING AND LOGIC TEXTBOOKS

PHILOSOPHICAL BOOKS AND TEXT

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Books

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Logic

Books

Tantra of the Yoga Sutras: Essential Wisdom for Living with Awareness and Grace

Visual Thinking

Totemism.

The Shadow Work Journal: A Guide to Integrate and Transcend your Shadows

The Way, the Enemy, and the Key: A Boxed Set of The Obstacle is the Way, Ego is the Enemy & Stillness is the Key

Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia (Penguin Classics)

The Twilight of the Idols and the Anti-Christ: or How to Philosophize with a Hammer (Penguin Classics)

The Extended Mind: The Power of Thinking Outside the Brain

The End of Faith: Religion, Terror, and the Future of Reason

The Complete Philosophy Primer: An Undergraduate Study Companion

Expired Mindsets: Releasing Patterns That No Longer Serve You Well

Uncovering Greek Mythology: A Beginner’s Guide into the World of Greek Gods and Goddesses (Mythology Collection)

Meditations Illustrated Edition: Wisdom Unleashed: Empowering Lessons from a Stoic Emperor

Knowledge and Christian Belief

Humanly Possible: Seven Hundred Years of Humanist Freethinking, Inquiry, and Hope

What Is Philosophy?

The Atomos Blog

How do you get from a singularity to infinity?

How do you get from a singularity to infinity?

When the Light of a Dead Star Touches Your Eye

The Threshold

Can Math Prove Its Own Sanity? — A Deep Dive into Artemov’s Landmark Paper

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Natural Function and Perceptual Content

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The Atomos Blog

Terms & Concepts

Conversion

Deductive system

Grue Paradox

Four Noble Truths

Analects

Aristotelian forms

Areté

Correspondence theory of truth

Neoplatonism

Hermeneutics

Rationalism

Begging the question

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