PHIOLOSOPHICAL TERMS AND CONCEPTS

A formal proof enlisting logical rules. https://youtube.com/shorts/v8VC3PLOu3s?feature=share

From the Greek, the study of duty. https://youtube.com/shorts/PQFuy5SvVds?feature=share

A duty-based ethical theory; an action is moral if it is done from duty, irrespective of the consequences. (Typically opposed to consequentialist ethical theories.) https://youtube.com/shorts/Dxo42Fab2rs?feature=share

Named after the British mathematician and logician Augustus deMorgan (2806-1871), two sets of statements are truth-functionally equivalent: ¬ (P ^ Q) :: ¬ P ∨ ¬ Q and ¬ (P…

An argument that shares the same form as the original but consists of true premises and a false conclusion. A counterexample shows an argument is invalid, since there is at…

A system of government by the members of the society, typically through elected representatives.. https://youtube.com/shorts/ApvZGsIoCjA?feature=share

The belief, popular in the eighteenth century, that God exists in order for the universe to have been created, but we are not justified in believing that God is concerned…

A formal system of rules and instructions for use in the construction of formal proofs. https://youtube.com/shorts/pDYLbXCNalU?feature=share

An argument that attempts to show the conclusion must be true if the premises are true. (See also Indictive argument.) https://youtube.com/shorts/PnM5BeMHZQA?feature=share

A philosophical school of thought begun by twentieth-century philosopher Jacques Derrida (1930-2004). Often contrasted with the Anglo-American analytic tradition, deconstruction involves a specifically critical reading of a text that upends…