PHIOLOSOPHICAL TERMS AND CONCEPTS

How philosophers characterize David Hume’s (1711-1776) claim that a belief is justified either as a “relation between ideas” or as a “matter of fact.” https://youtube.com/shorts/z6WRsWymtpE?feature=share

Those entitlements humans are thought to have by virtue of their humanity. (See also Rights.) https://youtube.com/shorts/on7Y6U07H4E?feature=share

Originally the view that all human knowledge is irreducibly historical, and thus to some extent relativistic, historicism increasingly came to mean the (largely unfalsifiable) view that historical development is subject…

For Kant, heteronomy is the opposite of autonomy. Whereas an autonomous person is one whose will is self-determined, a heteronomous person is one whose will is determined by something outside…

Theory of interpretation (originally applied to incomplete texts) that acknowledges how interpretation of individual words depends upon the interpretation of the whole text, and viceversa (the so-called Hermeneutic Circle); this…

Pleasure-seeking, or related to pleasure, typically associated with Epicurus, Jeremy Bentham(1748-1832), and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873). https://youtube.com/shorts/kVFXj018QWE?feature=share

The conception of the good life that takes pleasure to be the ultimate good. Hedonism is the premise of most forms of Utilitarianism. It is often the premise—although sometimes a…

The Utilitarian term (from the Greek “hedon”) for a quantifiable unit of pleasure; the opposite of dolor, which is a unit of pain (displeasure). https://youtube.com/shorts/NZwHKnizggc?feature=share

An informal fallacy constituted by inferring a generalization from too few instances. https://youtube.com/shorts/8sHmNgwl0eQ?feature=share

Utilitarian thinker Jeremy Bentham’s (1748-1832) quantitative method of determining an action’s total yield of pleasures and pains, and, thus, its moral value. https://youtube.com/shorts/gTXZrMBrLtI?feature=share