PHIOLOSOPHICAL TERMS AND CONCEPTS

In symbolic logic, a valid inference in a system of truth-functional rules. This rule relies on the concept of noncontradiction: A valid argument’s conclusion cannot be false if the premise(s)…

In symbolic logic, a valid inference in a system of truth-functional rules. This rule relies on the truth definition of the negation, where a doubly negated statement (¬¬P) is truth…

In symbolic logic, the operator that denies a claim. When a statement is negated, its truth value is the opposite of the original: When P is true, ¬ P is…

That without which cannot be otherwise. Also: A statement that must be true. A statement is necessarily true (or false) if it could not have been otherwise; it has the…

A statement that cannot be otherwise than true https://youtube.com/shorts/Gp-4Iuq8tAc?feature=share

That which both guarantees and is required. It is typically expressed by the phrase, “if, and only if.” https://youtube.com/shorts/9RMnH2o2Zp4?feature=share

Argument advanced by G. E. Moore (1873-1958) that any attempt to define “good” in terms of some other property (such as pleasure) will either conflate ethical propositions with psychological propositions…

The theory that everything can be explained in terms of causal claims and facts. https://youtube.com/shorts/UXAxnff4wUw?feature=share

An entitlement with which one is born. https://youtube.com/shorts/INhxjGLR9Qw?feature=share

The ethical theory that there are natural laws and a natural order that ought not to be violated. https://youtube.com/shorts/y68AL97E8XE?feature=share