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A two-step inference involving the subalternation from the A-proposition to its corresponding I-proposition and then converting the result. Conversion by limitation is a valid inference only for the A-proposition on…

An immediate inference made by exchanging the subject and predicate terms of a categorical proposition. Conversion is a valid inference when the resulting proposition is equivalent to the original. As…

A pair of propositions that cannot both be simultaneously true but can be simultaneously false. In categorical logic, A- and E-propositions are contraries. If one is true, the other must…

A two-step inference involving the subalternation from the E-proposition to its corresponding O-proposition and then contraposing the result. Contraposition by limitation is a valid inference only for the E-proposition on…

An immediate inference made by exchanging the subject and predicate terms of a categorical proposition, and then adding the complement to the subject and predicate terms. Contraposition is a valid…

Two statements that cannot be simultaneously true or simultaneously false. In categorical logic, the A-proposition and O-proposition are contradictories, and the E- and I-propositions are contradictories. (See also A-proposition, O-proposition,…

In symbolic logic, a valid inference in a system of truth-functional rules. From a contradiction, anything follows. So, once a contradiction has been established in a proof, any statement is…

In symbolic logic, a valid inference in a system of truth-functional rules. The rule whereby a contradiction (P and ¬ P) is proved on separate lines in a proof or…

That which is logically incompatible. A statement is self-contradictory when it is necessarily false; a contradiction obtains between two sentences when they cannot be simultaneously true or simultaneously false. https://youtube.com/shorts/WS25vKIYPA8?feature=share

A truth dependent on facts. As such, it is neither logically necessary nor logically impossible. In propositional logic, a contingently true statement is true on at least one row of…