Fallacious reasoning that involves merely asserting as proof the very claim at issue, and then asserting the claim at issue to support the proof: A is true because B is…
The degree of truth likeness, or how much closer one theory is to the truth than another. Early measures of verisimilitude compared the number of true and false sentences; contemporary…
The claim that the meaning of a statement consists in its method of verification rather than its truth conditions. For the Logical Positivists, this entailed the semantic reduction of, for…
Named after the British mathematician John Venn (1834-1923), Venn diagrams are overlapping circles representing the subject and predicate classes of a categorical proposition. https://youtube.com/shorts/Ov4pJYSiYT8?feature=share
An element of John Rawls’s (1921-2002) hypothetical situation in which members of society in the original position deliberate and choose principles of justice. As they deliberate,the “veil” prevents individuals from…
An evaluation term for an argument whose conclusion cannot be false if the premises are true.A valid argument’s evaluation derives from its form, rather than its content. Hence, a valid…
A moral theory that evaluates the rightness of an action in proportion to the overall pleasure or happiness produced by it; conversely, the wrongness of an action is determined inproportion…
The evaluation term for an argument that is either invalid or valid with at least one false premise. https://youtube.com/shorts/CkFSDnbDplY?feature=share