Named after mathematician and logician George Boole, these are the three fundamental truth functional building blocks of compound sentences. They are negation, conjunction, and disjunction. The ordinary language words for…
In symbolic logic, a valid inference in a system of truth-functional rules. A biconditional sentence is inferred from deriving one side of the sentence (Q) from the assumption of the…
In symbolic logic, a valid inference in a system of truth-functional rules. The affirmation of one side of the biconditional yields the other. https://youtube.com/shorts/uMxlhHFMMeI?feature=share
A two-way conditional claim, typically expressed by the phrase, “if and only if.” In symbolic logic, the phrase is often notated by a two-way arrow (↔) or a triple bar…
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz’s (1646-1716) view that this world is the best of the possible worlds God could have created. The claim was advanced as the argument of Leibniz’s theodicy, his…
A psychological state usually characterized as a disposition to assent to a certain proposition (the intentional object of the belief) or otherwise act as though that proposition were true. In…
Plato’s realm of reality, contrasted with the realms of appearance and becoming, is being, the realm of eternal and immutable Forms. More generally, the term “being” is used by philosophers…
A theory of mind in which features of an individual’s mental states are inferred from what is publicly observable. https://youtube.com/shorts/I1cNTvIgLkM?feature=share
An informal fallacy, begging the question occurs when the arguer assumes the very claim they intend to prove. For instance: “God exists because the Bible, which comes from God, says…