An error of reasoning based on placing an entity in the wrong ontological or semantic category; Gilbert Ryle (1900-1976) famously argued that the metaphysical distinction between the mind and body…
1) Aristotle’s four-fold classification system of language and ontology. 2) Kant’s term, which he took from Aristotle, for the basic and a priori concepts that structure human knowledge. https://youtube.com/shorts/AM-dTf2DPv4?feature=share
A syllogism consisting entirely of categorical claims; three terms (categories) each appear twice. https://youtube.com/shorts/Bff7kbls-Lw?feature=share
An assertion relating two classes of object: universal affirmative (All S are P), universal negative (No S are P), particular affirmative (Some S are P), and particular negative (Some S…
A deductive system of logic first established by Aristotle, which studies the relations between categories of things. https://youtube.com/shorts/1SZRoRDyOnk?feature=share
Kant’s name for the expression of reason’s supreme moral principle; it commands under all circumstances to either do, or not do, something. It is an ethical directive based on the…
1) A follower of René Descartes. 2) Descartes’ method, which is deductive and, likegeometry, begins with self-evident axioms. https://youtube.com/shorts/dgofZwPqz18?feature=share
Named for Franz Brentano (1838-1917), this is the claim that since all and only mental phenomena are intentional (that is, they are about other things), the mental cannot be reduced…
The Hindu conception of the impersonal, universal all-pervading spirit; it is both the universe and transcends space and time. The word also signifies a member of the highest caste in…
A variable (such as x, y, and z) is bound by a quantifier that is used with the same variable —for example, ∀x (Px → Qx). https://youtube.com/shorts/7mi_I0N9To0?feature=share